I have been having the same issues as mentioned in http://boldminded.com/support/ticket/356 and http://boldminded.com/support/ticket/188/.

When i try to edit entries in the Pages module Blueprints throws an error notice on line #205 of ext.blueprints.php.

A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Notice
Message: Undefined offset: 0
Filename: blueprints/ext.blueprints.php
Line Number: 205

And a message from Blueprints:

An Error Was Encountered

Please define a default template for the channel in the Pages module configuration.

Apparently Pages(v2.2) does not include the channel_id in the url and that is needed to get the current layout.

Which causes:
show_error(‘Please define a default template for the ’. $channels[$channel_id][‘channel_title’] .’ channel in the Pages module configuration.’);

To throw an error-notice.

I did not have enough time to go into it deeper but a quick-fix is to insert the snippet below on line #139 and again on line #356 in ext.blueprints.php

/* FIXME - Get the channel_id when it is left out by Pages */
if($channel_id === false AND $this->saved_channel_id === false){
 $temp_entry = $this->EE->db->where('entry_id', $entry_id)->limit(1)->get('channel_data');
 $this->saved_channel_id = $temp_entry->row()->channel_id;
 $channel_id = $this->saved_channel_id;
}else if($this->saved_channel_id !==false){
 $channel_id = $this->saved_channel_id;
}

And this one on line #73

/* FIXME - Store channel_id if not set by Pages */
private $saved_channel_id = false;

Nothing fancy but it returns the normal functionality. 😊

* Update
I read your comment below and attached 2 screenshots, one of the configuration and one of the error.
This is one of the few sites that we havent used Structure on so i cant say if Pages usually includes the channel_id.
After checking out the code in ext.blueprints.php it seems as if the channel_id parameter is necessary for it to get the right info.
The url on module=pages reads /ee-admin/index.php?S=0c1fb581fe3797963ecb7d0729d7b4b1&D=cp&C=content_publish&M=entry_form&entry_id=8.

Sadly the site is still only local so i wont be able to grant you access to it right now.
I will try to see if there is anything in the other add-ons that could cause this.

These are the Add-ons and versions currently being used.
Many of them will be replaced later with custom code.

#EE
2.6.1 Build 20130506

#Modules
Assets 2.1.3
Blueprints 2.0.6
Channel 2.0.1
Freeform 4.0.12
Low Variables 2.3.5
Member 2.1
Navee 2.2.7
Pages 2.2
Playa 4.4.3
Query 2.0
Republic Analytics 2.2.3
Rte 1.0
Seo Lite 1.4.4
Site Manager Client 0.2.3
Site Manager Server 0.2.3
Stash 2.3.6
Stats 2.0
Super Search 2.0.8
Updater 3.2.3
Wiki 2.3
Wygwam 2.7.1
Extensions
Assets 2.1.3
Blueprints 2.0.6
Continuum 0.9.1
Deviant 1.0.6
Low Seg2cat 2.8.0
Low Variables 2.3.5
Matrix 2.5.5
Navee 2.2.7
Playa 4.4.3
Republic Analytics 2.2.3
Requirejs 1.4
Rte 1.0
Stash 2.3.6
Super Search 2.0.8
Superfish Admin 0.1
System Messages 2.5
Updater 3.2.3
Wiki 2.3

#Plugins
IfElse 1.4
Low Link 1.0.0
Magpie RSS Parser 1.3.5
Switchee 2.0.6
Custom System Messages 2.5
XML Encode 1.3

#Field Types
assets 2.1.3
checkboxes 1.0
date 1.0
file 1.0
low_variables 2.3.5
matrix 2.5.5
multi_select 1.0
navee 2.2.7
playa 4.4.3
radio 1.0
relationship 1.0
rte 1.0
select 1.0
text 1.0
textarea 1.0
wygwam 2.7.1

#Accessories
Blueprints 2.0.6
Developer 1.6.2
Devotee 1.2.3
Health Check 0.1.

* Update 2
The link is constructed an line #15 in expressionengine/modules/pages/views/index.php reads:

$page['indent'].'<a href="'.BASE.AMP.'C=content_publish'.AMP.'M=entry_form'.AMP.'entry_id='.$page['entry_id'].'">'.$page['page'].'</a>',

So that explains why the publish form does not get the channel_id.